Abstract

This article examines the impact of economic inequality on voting behaviour in Nigeria’s emerging democracy. Utilizing a desk research methodology and based on the Political Economy of Clientelism framework, the study investigates how socioeconomic disparities influence electoral engagement and party preferences. The results show that significant economic inequality leads to political disillusionment among lower-income populations, causing lower voter turnout and a greater likelihood of vote-buying. The research also identifies regional variations in voting behaviours, with poorer areas displaying stronger ethnic affiliations, while wealthier regions tend to support parties focused on economic reform. Political elites often exploit these divisions, perpetuating cycles of inequality that undermine democratic representation. The article concludes with suggestions, highlighting the necessity for economic reforms aimed at reducing inequality to cultivate a more active and representative electorate, thereby enhancing Nigeria’s democratic stability.

Keywords: Voting, Inequality, Democracy, Elections